WebSockets vs Server-Sent Events (SSE)

Two protocols for realtime data — each with the right use case.

WebSockets and SSE both push data from server to client in real time, but they work differently. Understanding the difference helps you choose the right protocol — or know when you need a managed solution like Apinator.

WebSockets: Bidirectional

A WebSocket is a persistent, full-duplex TCP connection. Both client and server can send messages at any time. Ideal for chat, games, presence, and collaborative editing.

SSE: Server-Push Only

Server-Sent Events stream data one-way from server to client over HTTP. The browser cannot send data back over the SSE connection. Best for feeds, dashboards, and live scores.

WebSockets Scale Differently

Persistent connections require sticky sessions or a pub/sub layer (like Redis) to fan out messages across nodes. SSE over HTTP/2 can be load-balanced more easily.

SSE Has Browser Limits

Browsers allow only 6 concurrent SSE connections per origin under HTTP/1.1. HTTP/2 removes this limit. WebSockets have no such constraint.

WebSockets Need Auth Handling

SSE uses standard HTTP cookies and headers for auth. WebSockets require custom auth — Apinator handles this with HMAC-signed channel tokens.

When to Use Apinator

Apinator uses WebSockets for full bidirectional channels, presence, and client events — use cases where SSE falls short.

Apinator vs SSE

FeatureApinatorSSE
DirectionBidirectionalServer → Client only
ProtocolWebSocket (TCP)HTTP long-poll
Browser reconnectClient SDK handles itBuilt into browser
Binary messages
Client → Server messages
Presence / who is online
HTTP/2 multiplexing
Load balancer friendlyWith sticky sessionsStateless
Good for chat / games
Good for dashboards / feeds

Side-by-Side Comparison

The same "server pushes data" use case, implemented with SSE and with Apinator WebSockets.

comparison.js
// SSE — server-to-client only, no send-back const sse = new EventSource('/api/stream') sse.onmessage = (e) => handleData(JSON.parse(e.data)) // sse.send() — not possible, SSE is read-only // Apinator WebSockets — bidirectional, presence-aware import { RealtimeClient } from '@apinator/client' const client = new RealtimeClient('APP_KEY') const ch = client.subscribe('presence-dashboard') // Receive server events ch.bind('update', (data) => handleData(data)) // Send a client event back — not possible with SSE ch.trigger('client-cursor', { x: 120, y: 340 })

Frequently Asked Questions

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